Madrid, Spain’s vibrant capital, is a city brimming with rich history, stunning architecture, and a culture that captivates visitors from all around the world. Whether you’re an art lover, a history buff, or simply someone who enjoys great food and sunshine, Madrid has something for everyone. Here are 20 fun and interesting facts about this incredible city that will deepen your appreciation for the Spanish capital.
1. Foundation of Madrid
Madrid’s origins trace back to the 9th century when Muhammad I, the Emir of Córdoba, built a fortress in 865, laying the foundations for what would become Spain’s capital. The settlement was originally called Mayrit, which comes from the Arabic word “majra,” meaning water channel, highlighting the importance of water sources in the area’s development.
2. Capital of Spain
Though Madrid had already been an important city, it wasn’t until 1561 that King Philip II declared it the capital of Spain. Moving the royal court from Toledo, located just 70 km south, was a strategic move aimed at consolidating political and economic power. Madrid’s central location made it the ideal hub for the Spanish Empire, and it remains the beating heart of Spain today.
For a place to stay while exploring Madrid, you can find an array of Madrid hotels catering to all tastes and budgets.
3. Geography
Madrid sits at an altitude of 657 meters (2,155 feet) above sea level, making it the second-highest capital city in Europe, after Andorra La Vella. This elevated position contributes to the city’s dry, continental climate, with hot summers and mild winters.
4. Emblem of Madrid
The emblem of Madrid features a bear eating fruit from a strawberry tree, a symbol dating back to the 13th century. The strawberry tree, or “madroño,” is native to the region, and this emblem is prominently displayed at the Puerta del Sol, one of the city’s most famous squares. A bronze sculpture of the bear and tree is a favorite photo spot for both locals and tourists.
5. Madroño Liquor
Speaking of the madroño tree, Madrid is also home to a unique liquor made from its berries, which resemble strawberries. This local spirit, known as Madroño, has a long-standing tradition in Madrid, though it’s not as widely served as other famous Spanish drinks like wine or sangria.
6. Kilómetro Zero
At Puerta del Sol, you’ll find a plaque marking Kilómetro Zero, the point from which all national roads in Spain are measured. This plaque, installed in 1950, symbolizes Madrid’s role as the center of Spain’s transportation network.
7. Oldest Restaurant in the World
Madrid is home to the world’s oldest continuously operating restaurant, Sobrino de Botín. Established in 1725, this historic eatery is renowned for its roasted suckling pig and classic Spanish dishes. It even has a mention in the Guinness World Records!
8. City Population
With a population of around 3.3 million residents, Madrid is the second-largest city in the European Union, after Berlin. The city’s diverse and dynamic population makes it a melting pot of cultures, contributing to its cosmopolitan vibe.
9. Royal Palace
The Royal Palace of Madrid, constructed in the 18th century, is the largest functioning royal palace in Europe, covering a sprawling 135,000 square meters (1,450,000 square feet) and containing over 3,000 rooms. Although the Spanish royal family does not reside there, it is still used for official ceremonies and state functions.
10. El Rastro Flea Market
Madrid’s El Rastro flea market is a true institution, having been around since the 17th century. This bustling open-air market, located in the La Latina district, attracts over 1,000 vendors selling everything from antiques to clothing, making it a must-visit for bargain hunters and treasure seekers.
11. Egyptian Temple
In a fascinating twist of history, Madrid is home to an ancient Egyptian temple, the Templo de Debod. This 2nd-century BC structure was relocated to Madrid in 1968 as a gesture of gratitude from Egypt for Spain’s help in saving the Abu Simbel temples from flooding caused by the construction of the Aswan Dam. Today, it stands as one of the most unique landmarks in the city.
12. San Isidro
San Isidro, the patron saint of Madrid, is celebrated every year on May 15th. His feast day includes parades, pilgrimages, and cultural events. San Isidro was a humble 12th-century farmer known for his kindness and piety, and his legacy continues to be honored with festivities throughout the city.
13. Golden Triangle of Art
Madrid’s Golden Triangle of Art is home to three of the world’s most famous art museums: the Prado Museum, the Reina Sofía Museum, and the Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza. Together, these institutions house masterpieces from artists like Goya, Velázquez, Picasso, and Dalí, making Madrid a haven for art lovers.
14. Cibeles and Neptune Fountains
The Cibeles Fountain, located in Plaza de Cibeles, is a central gathering point for celebrations of Real Madrid football victories. On the other side of the city, Atlético Madrid fans celebrate their triumphs at the Fountain of Neptune. These iconic fountains are an integral part of Madrid’s cultural landscape.
15. Cervantes’ Burial
Miguel de Cervantes, the legendary author of Don Quixote, is buried in the Convent of the Trinitarians in Madrid. His grave is a point of pilgrimage for literature enthusiasts, marking the resting place of one of the most influential writers in the world.
16. Public Transport
Madrid’s public transportation system is one of the best in Europe. The city boasts the fourth-largest metro network in the world, stretching over 295 kilometers (183 miles) and serving millions of passengers each year. In addition, Madrid has over 15,000 taxis, ensuring that getting around the city is convenient and efficient.
17. Atocha Train Station
Atocha train station, one of Madrid’s main transport hubs, is home to a stunning tropical garden. Covering over 4,000 square meters (43,000 square feet), this indoor garden is filled with over 7,000 plants, creating a peaceful oasis amid the bustle of the station.
18. Fresh Fish and Seafood
Although Madrid is landlocked, it is home to one of Europe’s largest wholesale markets for perishable foods, Merca Madrid. This market ensures that the city has access to some of the freshest seafood in Spain, despite its inland location. Madrid’s seafood offerings are a testament to the country’s culinary diversity.
19. Green Spaces
Madrid is surprisingly green, with several parks and recreational areas scattered throughout the city. The famous Retiro Park is perfect for a leisurely stroll, while Casa de Campo and the Madrid Río project offer expansive green spaces for sports and outdoor activities. These parks provide a much-needed escape from the city’s urban energy.
20. Climate
Madrid enjoys one of the sunniest climates in Europe, with over 2,800 hours of sunshine annually. This makes it an ideal year-round destination for tourists looking to enjoy a mix of cultural exploration, outdoor activities, and delicious food under the Spanish sun.
Conclusion
From its rich history and iconic landmarks to its lively festivals and modern amenities, Madrid is a city that has it all. Whether you’re admiring the stunning Royal Palace, indulging in mouthwatering Spanish dishes, or soaking in the vibrant atmosphere of its many squares and parks, Madrid never fails to impress. With its mix of tradition and modernity, this dynamic capital is a place that leaves a lasting impression on everyone who visits.
